In mid-August, Turkey officially announced the discovery of a massive, 320-billion-cubic-meter (bcm) natural gas field in the Black Sea, in an exploration zone called “Tuna-1” (TRT World, August 21). The news was met with some skepticism from energy experts, notably in the Middle East (Arab News, August 24). Yet, if …
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Iran and China first announced a long-term 25-year strategic partnership in 2016, with a draft document of the accord reportedly approved last week. Cooperation between the two countries will include China’s financial and technological participation in major projects such as highways, railways, oil and gas fields, the tourism industry, information technology and …
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The continuation of sanctions and the reduction of Iran’s oil share in the world market have caused many problems for all sectors of Iran’s energy industry and economy, and it will see an increase in problems in most areas due to the Trump administration’s “maximum pressure” policy. Currently, the Iranian …
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Reducing dependence on Iranian gas will increase Turkey’s bargaining power in gas transactions. In practice, Iranian gas will not play a significant role in Turkey’s policies, which means that it can be easily removed from them and sanctioned. The diversification of energy resources is a fundamental principle of Turkey’s energy …
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Even before the coronavirus pandemic erupted, Iran’s oil exports were declining as a result of secondary US sanctions. Global oversupply amid a drastic drop in consumer demand, caused by the virus and its economic effects, will likely continue to depress Iranian exports for months to come. Prior to the US …
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The US withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal and sanctions on oil exports in 2018 have made the situation for Iran’s oil industry even more precarious. But US efforts to reduce Iran’s oil exports to zero have caused Tehran to sell oil in the grey market, or by using a third country. Despite the …
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The global gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG) market is currently witnessing an increase in the number of new manufacturers and an increase in the geopolitical importance of this product. Given that the share of natural gas in a country’s energy portfolio will increase by 2040, countries with natural gas …
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Major energy producing countries are using energy exports to increase political influence in consumer countries. Energy exports are one of the most important ways to create interdependence as well as stability and security in the region. Iran ranks second in the world’s gas reserves, but domestic gas consumption increased sharply …
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While crude oil exports (Iran’s most important foreign exchange industry) have sharply reduced with no hope of recovery, other resources such as petrochemicals, mines and metals could have been a way out for the Islamic Republic… however, these sectors were also sanctioned in Spring 2019. Iran’s petrochemical and steel sectors …
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The main goal of OPEC is to coordinate and unify the oil policies of its members, and to identify the best ways to protect their interests individually and collectively. OPEC is also looking for ways to guarantee world market prices by eliminating unnecessary volatility. OPEC’s continuing viability and its impact …
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