The recent agreement between the United States and Iran could portend well for regional security—or it could reinforce existing divisions and promote further escalatory behavior from each side, with significant economic consequences in either case. The recently announced prisoner swap between the United States and Iran has spurred debates about how it …
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Key PointsMutual interests and geopolitical considerations have long influenced the Iran-Venezuela energy relationship. Iran aims to increase Venezuela’s refining capacity by revamping its refining complex and reducing its reliance on US technology.Despite the rise in petroleum prices, trade and investment between Iran and Venezuela will continue to be limited due to their …
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Introduction Despite its abundant oil and gas reserves, over the last four decades Iran has not been able to play a prominent role in the global energy market. According to energy industry statistics, Iran requires at least US$160 billion in investment to continue to export its oil and natural gas. …
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Key Points Iran and Afghanistan have historically relied heavily on their shared water resources, particularly those in the Helmand River basin. A simmering disagreement over water allocation brought on by their shared struggles with drought, climate change, and water mismanagement puts their alliance in jeopardy. Even though Iran and Afghanistan do not have …
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Iranian-Chinese economic relations have grown steadily closer over the past four decades, with Beijing emerging as one of Tehran’s leading trade partners in recent years. Their economic relationship entered a new phase in the 1980s, when China started providing Iran with arms and technology during the Iran-Iraq War. But since …
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The construction of the International North-South Transport Corridor is another way for Iran and Russia to circumvent Western sanctions and lower trade cost while increasing its volume. After the United States and the European Union imposed extensive sanctions on Russia in response to its invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, …
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In recent years, Iraq has become one of the leading destinations for Chinese investments in the Middle East and a crucial link in Beijing’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). To capitalize on its geostrategic location and central position within the Chinese BRI, Iraq is seeking to develop a sprawling new 54-square-kilometer port …
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Introduction In a breakthrough deal, brokered by China, Saudi Arabia and Iran have agreed on the resumption of diplomatic relations and the mutual opening of embassies, a move that could change the balance of power in the Middle East and restore stability in the region. Under the agreement reached, the …
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As a “neutral” power seeking to distance itself from the Middle East’s various geopolitical rivalries, China has supported reconciliation and peace to stabilize its access to the region’s resources. The relationship between Iran and Saudi Arabia has been fraught with tension for decades, with each side accusing the other of interference in …
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By Michael Scollon As winter approached, Iran was relishing the prospect of falling temperatures that could put Europe in a deep freeze and allow Tehran to bask in the wealth of its formidable natural-gas reserves. A difficult winter for Europeans would offer many advantages, including leverage in protracted negotiations in Vienna …
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